Chandigarh-Chandigarh -
Country India
Formation of
Union Territories - 1 November 1966
Government-
• Type Union Territory Municipal Corporation
• Municipal Corporation Chandigarh
• Administrator Vijayendra Pal Singh
• Member of Parliament Kirron Kher, BJP
• Mayor Ravikant Sharma
Area-
• Union Territory 114 km2 (44 sq mi)
Area Rank (IN: 35th)
Height 321 m (1,053 ft)
Population (2011)
• Union Territories 1,055,450
• Rank 31
• Density 9,262/km2 (23,988/sq mi)
• Metro[3] 1,025,682 (IN: 51st)
• Urban Area- 1,611,770
Demonym- Chandigarhian
Language
• Official language- English
Time Zone -UTC+5:30 (IST)
pin-160xxx
Telephone code +91–172
ISO 3166 Code IN-CH
Vehicle Registration CH-01 (Present), CH-02 (Commercial Vehicles & Taxi), PB-01 (Taxi to Chandigarh)
Website- chandigarh.gov.in
Interesting facts about Chandigarh - chandigarh ke baare mein rochak tathy -
Complete information about Chandigarh
chandigarh ke baare mein sampoorn jaanakaare-
Chandigarh is the first planned city of India.
It was planned by the French architect Le Corbusier.
The city tops the Union Territories of India and is significant as it has the highest per capita income as compared to other Union Territories in the country.
Being a well-planned city, it has been included in the list of world famous cities and for its standard of living.
Chandigarh is an iconic city as it is the capital of two states, Punjab and Haryana.
Today it is recognized as the city of modern India.
is a city, district and union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighboring states of Punjab and Haryana.
Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the north, west and south and the state of Haryana to the east.
It is considered a part of the Chandigarh Capital Region or Greater Chandigarh, which includes Chandigarh, and the city of Panchkula (in Haryana) and the cities of Kharar, New Chandigarh, Mohali and Zirakpur (in Punjab).
It is located 260 km (162 mi) north of New Delhi and 229 km (143 mi) south-east of Amritsar
It was one of the earliest planned cities in post-independence India and is internationally known for its architecture and urban design.
The city's master plan was drawn up by the Swiss-French architect Le Corbusier, which changed from previous plans made by Polish architect Maciej Nowicki and American planner Albert Mayer.
Most of the city's government buildings and residences were designed by the Chandigarh Capital project team headed by Le Corbusier, Jane Drew and Maxwell Fry.
In 2015, an article published by the BBC named Chandigarh as one of the few master-planned cities in the world that has been successful in terms of combining monumental architecture, cultural development and modernization.
The Capital Complex of Chandigarh was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in July 2016 at the 40th session of the World Heritage Conference held in Istanbul.
It was under the UNESCO inscription "The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier An Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement".
Buildings in the Capitol Complex include the Punjab and Haryana High Court, the Punjab and Haryana Secretariat and the Punjab and Haryana Legislative Assembly as well as the Memorial Open Arms, Martyrs Memorial, Geometric Hill and Tower of Shadows and Rock Garden.
The per capita income of the city is the highest in the country.
The Union Territory has one of the highest Human Development Index.
In 2015, a survey by LG Electronics ranked it as the happiest city in India on the Happiness Index.
The metropolitan areas of Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula collectively form a tricity, with a total population of over 1,611,770.
Historical facts of Chandigarh-
The history of this place dates back to 8000 years when it was first settled by the Harappans, who are considered to be one of the oldest civilizations.
In medieval times it was a prosperous place and was a part of Punjab province. After independence from British rule, Punjab was divided into Western and East Punjab in 1947.
After partition, East Punjab did not have a capital as Lahore was given to Pakistan.
Therefore Chandigarh was planned to give the capital to Punjab.
Hence the location for Chandigarh was searched in the foothills of Shivalik.
The city was built under the orders of key officials and the Prime Minister of India.
But there were many obstacles before the actual city arrived.
A committee was formed to choose a good site for the city.
The site was selected after considering various aspects like climatic conditions, military vulnerability, water provision etc.
After the formation of Haryana, both the states wanted a capital.
So, Chandigarh, because of the proximity and importance that it had acquired, became the capital of both the states.
The state symbol of Chandigarh-chandeegadh ke raajy chihn-
Capital - Chandigarh
Rivers- Patiala-ki-Rao
Forests and National Parks- Sukhna Wildlife Sanctuary
Languages- Hindi, Punjabi, English
State Animal - Indian Gray Weasel
State Bird - Indian Gray Hornbill
State Tree - Mango
state flower - dhak flower
Neighboring States - Punjab, Haryana
Music- Manjeet Sangeet
Dance-
Gidda, Sammi, Bhangra, Tian, Jhumar, Gatka, Dhamaal, Luddi, Kikili, Julli and Dankra.
Famous Places in Chandigarh -chandeegadh mein prasiddh sthaan -
Sukhna Lake
Government Museum and Art Gallery, Chandigarh
Zakir Hussain Rose Garden
Chhatbir Zoo
open hand monument
Pushpa Gujral Science City
International Doll Museum
Some other facts about Chandigarh-
The Capital Complex of Chandigarh was declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in July 2016 at the 40th session of the World Heritage Conference held in Istanbul.
It was under the UNESCO inscription "The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier An Outstanding Contribution to the Modern Movement".
Buildings in the Capitol Complex include the Punjab and Haryana High Court, the Punjab and Haryana Secretariat and the Punjab and Haryana Legislative Assembly as well as the Memorial Open Arms, Martyrs Memorial, Geometric Hill and Tower of Shadows.
In 2016, Chandigarh was declared the second cleanest city in India under the Swachh Bharat Survey.
The union territory also tops the list of Indian states and territories according to the Human Development Index.
In 2015, a survey by LG Electronics ranked Chandigarh as the happiest city in India on the Happiness Index.
The Chandigarh-Mohali-Panchkula metropolis together form a tri-city, with a total population of over 2 million.
Chandigarh was the dream city of India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Chandigarh is also said to be the first smoke free city of India.
In Chandigarh, you will not see any statue in the position of architect Le Corbusier in parks or on squares.
The city got its name from the famous Chandi Mandir temple, which is now a famous tourist destination.
Since the city is the base of three governments, most of the people living there are employed by either. Government official or retired one.
This has earned the city the title of 'pensioners' paradise'.
Chandigarh is divided into sectors, each sector is surrounded by roads for easy transport yet sealed with direct access to residential areas.
Chandigarh is situated at a distance of 365 meters in the foothills of Shivalik range. above sea level.
Le Corbusier considered Chandigarh to be analogous to the human body.
Sector 1 houses the 'Head' Capital Complex, 'Heart Being City Center Sector-17, 'Lung' open spaces and greenery, 'Circular System' 7th and 'Brain' educational institutions
History of Chandigarh- chandeegadh ka itihaas-
Chandigarh was home to many cities of the Harappan civilization.
Even before independence, Chandigarh was a collection of small villages like Roorkee, Burail, Krishna Gaon etc.
After the partition of India, Punjab needed a capital so further the idea of Chandigarh was proposed.
Chandigarh was a new city built on the orders of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India.
After the Partition of India in 1947, the former British province of Punjab was divided into two provinces, East Punjab (mostly Sikh and Hindu) in India and West Punjab (mostly Muslim) in Pakistan.
Indian Punjab needed a new capital as the former capital Lahore became part of Pakistan after the partition
In 1949, American planner and architect Albert Mayer was commissioned to design a new city called "Chandigarh"
The government carved out Chandigarh from about fifty Pudi speaking villages in the then state of East Punjab, India.
Shimla was the temporary capital of East Punjab until the creation of Chandigarh in 1960.
Albert Mayer developed a superblock-based city surrounded by green spaces with an emphasis on cellular neighborhoods and traffic isolation.
His site-plan took advantage of natural land features; The gentle grade of the land promoted proper drainage.
Meyer ceased work after the death of his architect-partner Matthew Nowicki in a plane crash in 1950.
Government officials recruited Le Corbusier to succeed Meyer and Nowicki, who listed many elements of Meyer's original plan without attributing him
Le Corbusier designed several administrative buildings, including the High Court, the Palace of the Assembly and the Secretariat building.
Le Corbusier also designed the general layout of the city, dividing it into sectors
There are many open hand sculptures of Le Corbusier in Chandigarh, which are 26 meters high.
The Open Hand (La Main Auverte) is a recurring motif in Le Corbusier's architecture, a sign of "peace and reconciliation" for him.
It's open to giving and open to receiving."
It represents what Le Corbusier called "the second machine age".
Of the six planned monuments in the Capitol Complex, which houses the High Court, the Assembly and the Secretariat, two are incomplete.
These include the Geometric Hill and Martyrs Memorial; The drawings were made, and they began in 1956, but they were never completed.
The capital city was officially shifted from Shimla to Chandigarh on 21 September 1953, although Chandigarh was formally inaugurated by the first President of India, Rajendra Prasad, on 7 October 1953.
17th century Mughal Gardens near Pinjore Gardens, Chandigarh
On 1 November 1966, the newly formed state of Haryana was carved out of the eastern and southern parts of East Punjab to form a new state for the majority Haryanvi-speaking people in that part, while the western part of East Punjab retained most of the Was. Punjabi speaking majority and its name was changed to Punjab. Chandigarh is situated on the border of both the states.
What is special about Chandigarh?
Chandigarh is the capital of the Indian states of Punjab and Haryana, and it is also a union territory.
It is known for being one of the first planned cities in India and is considered a model for urban planning.
The city was designed by the famous French architect Le Corbusier and is known for its modernist architecture, well-planned layout and green spaces.
It is considered one of the cleanest cities in India
Why is Chandigarh so popular?
Chandigarh is popular for many reasons. One of the main reasons is its reputation as a well-planned and modern city.
The city's layout and architecture was designed by the famous French architect Le Corbusier, and is considered a model for urban planning. The city is known for its wide boulevards, clean streets and green spaces, which make it an attractive place to live and visit.
Another reason for its popularity is its location. Chandigarh is situated at the foothills of the Shivalik range, making it a popular destination for nature lovers. The city is also known for its rich cultural heritage, which houses several temples, museums and other historical sites.
Chandigarh is also famous for its quality of life and standard of living, the city is home to many educational and research institutions, and it has a growing economy, which attracts many people to live and work there.
Lastly, the city is also a popular tourist destination due to its unique architecture, natural beauty, and rich history.
Which is the famous food of Chandigarh?
Chandigarh is famous for its street food and Punjabi food.
Some popular dishes from the region include:
Makki Di Roti: It is a type of maize bread which is usually served with a gravy made of pickled tomatoes and fenugreek leaves called sarson da saag.
Amritsari Fish: This dish is made with marinated fish which is coated in gram flour and deep fried. It is usually served with chutney or tamarind chutney.
Chole Bhature: This is a popular North Indian dish made with chickpea curry and fried bread called bhatura.
Butter Chicken: This dish is made with tandoori cooked chicken in a creamy tomato gravy with butter and cream.
Lassi: It is a popular sweet curd-based drink, usually served in an earthen pot and garnished with a sprinkling of dry fruits and nuts.
Street food like chaat, aloo tikki, gol gappa etc. are also very famous in Chandigarh.
These are just a few examples of the delicious food Chandigarh has to offer. There are many more traditional dishes and street food that you can try when you are in the city.
Which festival is famous in Chandigarh?
Chandigarh celebrates many festivals throughout the year, but some of the most famous include:
Lohri:
It is a popular festival celebrated in January, which marks the end of the winter solstice and the beginning of the new year. People gather around bonfires and sing traditional songs, and it is a great time to enjoy traditional Punjabi food and sweets.
Baisakhi:
It is a festival that celebrates the beginning of the new year and the harvest season. It is celebrated in April, and people participate in parades, traditional dance and music, and enjoy delicious food.
Dussehra: It is a Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good over evil. It is celebrated in October and involves large processions and burning of effigies of the demon king Ravana.
Diwali: It is the festival of lights and is celebrated in November. It is one of the most important festivals in India, and people decorate their homes with lights and rangolis, exchange gifts and sweets, and have fireworks displays.
Christmas: It is a Christian festival celebrated on 25 December to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. It is a widely celebrated festival in Chandigarh, and people decorate their homes, exchange gifts and participate in various religious activities.
These are just a few examples of the many festivals celebrated in Chandigarh.