Jharkhand- about
It is a state in eastern India.
Country- India
Formation- 15 November 2000
Capital- Ranchi
Sub-Capital- Dumka
Largest city- Jamshedpur
District-24
Government-
• Bodies Government of Jharkhand
• Governor- Ramesh Bais
• Chief Minister- Hemant Soren (JMM)
• Legislature unicameral (81 seats)
• Parliamentary area-
Rajya Sabha (6 seats)
Lok Sabha (14 seats)
• High Court-Jharkhand High Court
Area-
• Total 79,714 km (30,778 sq mi)
field rank 15
Population (2011)
• Total 32,988,134
• Rank 14th
• Density - 414/km2 (1,070/sq mi)
Demonym(s) Jharkhandi
GDP (2019–20)
• Total –3.83 lakh crore (US$54 billion)
• Per person - 79,873 (US$1,100)
languages -
• Official - Hindi
• Additional official languages -
Angika Bengali Bhojpuri Hokharia Khortha Kurmali Kurukh Magahi Maithili Mundri Nagpuri Odia Santhali Urdu.
Time Zone - UTC+05:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 Code IN-JH
Vehicle Registration -JH
Increase HDI (2018) 0.599 (Medium) 34th
Literacy (2011) 67.6% (31st)
Sex Ratio (2011) 948 /1000 (18th)
Website- www.jharkhand.gov.in
Jharkhand's symbol-jhaarakhand ke prateek-
Date of Formation- 15. November 2000
Languages- Hindi, Urdu, Santhali
State Animal- Elephant
State Bird - Asiatic Cuckoo
state flower - palash
State tree- Sal-flowered umbrella
Major Crops – Paddy, Wheat, Maize
Mammal- Elephas maximus (Bandipur) Indian elephant
Interesting facts about Jharkhand- jharkhand ke baare mein rochak tathy -
Complete information about Jharkhand jharkhd ke baare mein sampoorn jaanakaare-
Jharkhand is the 28th state of the Indian Union which came into existence on 15 November 2000.
Jharkhand shares its border ith 5 states – Bihar in the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in the west, Odisha in the south and West Bengal in the east.
Jharkhand, popularly known as the 'Land of Forests', is an ultimate destination for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts.
Some more facts about Jharkhand-
The literal meaning of Jharkhand is the land of bushes, the forest (jhari-jhari).
Most of the state is situated on the Chota Nagpur plateau which is the source of the Koel, Damodar, Brahmani and Subarnarekha rivers.
Dhanbad is also known as the coal capital of India.
The industrial city Ranchi is the capital and Dumka is a sub-capital city.
Jamshedpur is the largest and largest industrial city.
Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial town of East Singhbhum district.
The city of Jamshedpur was established in the year 1907 by Jamsetji Tata along with the Tata Steel Plant.
Tata Steel Limited formerly known as Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO), is India's first private iron and steel company.
Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (Telco), formerly known as Tata Motors Limited, is also located in Jamshedpur.
Tata Steel is currently the second largest iron and steel company in India (the first being JSW Steel, 2016) and it was also the world's 11th iron and steel company in 2013.
Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) is another important iron and steel company located in Bokaro district and was established in the year 1964 as a limited company. Later it was merged with SAIL.
Some other important iron and steel companies of Jharkhand are Chandil's Bihar Sponge Iron Limited, MECON Limited Ranchi, Hindustan Malleable & Forgings Limited Dhanbad, Jamipole (a joint venture of Tata Steel and SKW Stall, Germany), Usha Martin Jamshedpur.
The state is rich in mineral resources like iron ore, coal, mica, limestone, graphite, mica, dolomite etc. and accounts for 40% of the total mineral resources of India.
The state is a tribal-dominated area in which 28% of the people are tribal and 12% belong to the scheduled castes.
The main tribes of this state are Santhal, Oraon, Munda, Ho, Kharia, Bhumji etc.
Hinduism is the main religion of the state with 68.6% Hindu, 14.5% Muslim, and about 4.5% Christian.
The main festivals include the Karam festival which is quite popular among the Oraon tribe.
Other festivals include Vat Savitri and Teej.
Deoghar is the ancient city of Jharkhand which is known for its temples.
Baidyanath Dham which is one of the twelve famous Shiva Jyotirlingas is located in Deoghar district.
Apart from the main Baidyanath temple, there are 21 other temples in the complex that depict various Hindu deities.
Jharkhand is the 28th state of the Indian Union which came into existence on 15 November 2000.
Jharkhand shares its border with 5 states – Bihar in the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh in the west, Odisha in the south and West Bengal in the east.
Jharkhand, popularly known as the 'Land of Forests', is an ultimate destination for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts.
Some more facts about Jharkhand-
The literal meaning of Jharkhand is the land of bushes, the forest (jhari-jhari).
Most of the state is situated on the Chota Nagpur plateau which is the source of the Koel, Damodar, Brahmani and Subarnarekha rivers.
Dhanbad is also known as the coal capital of India
The industrial city Ranchi is the capital and Dumka is a sub-capital city.
Jamshedpur is the largest and largest industrial city.
Jamshedpur is the first planned industrial town of East Singhbhum district.
The city of Jamshedpur was established in the year 1907 by Jamsetji Tata along with the Tata Steel Plant.
Tata Steel Limited is formerly known as Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO)
It is India's first private iron and steel company.
Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company (Telco), formerly known as Tata Motors Limited, is also located in Jamshedpur.
Tata Steel is currently the second largest iron and steel company in India (the first being JSW Steel, 2016) and it was also the world's 11th iron and steel company in 2013.
Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) is another important iron and steel company located in Bokaro district and was established in the year 1964 as a limited company. Later it was merged with SAIL.
Some other important iron and steel companies of Jharkhand are Chandil's Bihar Sponge Iron Limited, MECON Limited Ranchi, Hindustan Malleable & Forgings Limited Dhanbad, Jamipole (a joint venture of Tata Steel and SKW Stall, Germany), Usha Martin Jamshedpur.
The state is rich in mineral resources like iron ore, coal, mica, limestone, graphite, mica, dolomite etc. and accounts for 40% of the total mineral resources of India.
The state is a tribal-dominated area in which 28% of the people are tribal and 12% belong to the scheduled castes.
The main tribes of this state are Santhal, Oraon, Munda, Ho, Kharia, Bhumji etc.
Hinduism is the main religion of the state with 65.6% Hindu, 14.5% Muslim, and about 4.5% Christian.
The main festivals include the Karam festival which is quite popular among the Oraon tribe.
Other festivals include Vat Savitri and Teej.
Deoghar is the ancient city of Jharkhand which is known for its temples.
Baidyanath Dham which is one of the twelve famous Shiva Jyotirlingas is located in Deoghar district.
Apart from the main Baidyanath temple, there are 21 other temples in the complex that depict various Hindu deities
The state is bordered by Bihar in the north, Uttar Pradesh in the northwest, Chhattisgarh in the west, Odisha in the south and West Bengal in the east. Its area is 79,710 km (30,778 sq mi).
It is the 15th largest state by area and the 14th largest state by population.
Hindi is the official language of the state.
Ranchi city is its capital and Dumka is its sub-capital.
The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places; Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath and Rajrappa are the major religious places.
The state was formed in 2000 from the area which was earlier a part of Bihar.
Jharkhand is sometimes called the resource curse: - It accounts for more than 40% of India's mineral resources, but 39.1% of its population is below the poverty line and 19.6% of children under the age of five are malnourished.
Jharkhand is predominantly rural, with about 24% of its population living in cities.
It is one of the leading states in terms of economic development.
The state's GDP growth rate in 2017-18 was 10.22%
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Jharkhand-
Betla (Palma) National Park
Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary
Rivers Jharkhand-
come on
Kosi
ghagra
Damodar
mayurakshi
persist
Major dance and music forms in Jharkhand-
fire and jhumar dance
Famous places in Jharkhand-
Baidyanath Jyotirlinga, Deoghar - also known as Baba Dham and Baidyanath Dham is one of the twelve Jyotirlingas of Lord Shiva.
There are 22 temples in the premises of various deities and every year Shravan Mela is celebrated during the holy month of Shravan.
Jamshedpur's Jubilee Park is one of the major attractions for tourists across the state.
The park is spread over 200 acres and has a zoo, amusement park, gardens and fountains.
Shikharji mountain peak, Giridih Shikharji is the highest mountain in the Parasnath range in the Giridih district of Jharkhand and is a famous Jain pilgrimage site with many Jain temples.
Maithon Dam is one of the top 10 tallest dams in India and the first of its kind underground power station in entire Southeast Asia, designed for flood control on the Barakar River near Dhanbad. The largest reservoir in the Damodar Valley has a unique underground power station, spread over an area of 65 square kilometres.
The Rock Garden of Ranchi is located at a distance of about 4 km from the city of Ranchi. Ranchi Rock Garden is one of the top 5 magnificent rock gardens in India.
After Baidyanath Jyotirlinga Temple, Naulakha Temple of Deoghar is situated 1.5 km away from Baba Baidyanath Temple. This temple is architecturally similar to the temple of Ramakrishna at Belur Math and the cost of construction is around 9 lakhs, hence it is known as Naulakha Temple.
Hundru Falls in Ranchi is the 34th highest waterfall in India with a total height of 98 meters (322 ft). Hundru Falls is formed by the Subarnarekha River and this waterfall is one of the highest waterfalls in the state of Jharkhand.
Tata Steel Zoological Park also known as Tata Zoo is located near the area of Jubilee Park and is known for many wild animals.
Tata Zoo and Ranchi Zoo are the two most famous wild animal parks in Jharkhand.
Betla National Park is located in the Chota Nagpur plateau of Latehar district and is home to a wide variety of wildlife.
The protected area of Betla Park was one of the first wildlife parks in India to become a Tiger Reserve under Project Tiger.
History of Jharkhand - History of Jharkhan
After Indian independence in 1947, the rulers of the states decided to join the Dominion of India.
Changbhakar, Jashpur, Koriya, Surguja and Udaipur later became part of the state of Madhya Pradesh.
But Gangpur and Bonai became part of Orissa state and Kharsawan and Seraikela became part of Bihar state.
In 1912, the state of Jharkhand was first proposed by a student of St. Columbia College in Hazaribagh.
Initially, in 1928, it was the demand of Unnati Samaj, the political wing of the Christian Tribal Union, which submitted a memorandum to the Simon Commission for the formation of a tribal state in eastern India.
Prominent leaders like Jaipal Singh Munda and Ram Narayan Singh demanded a separate state.
In 1955, the Jaipal Singh Munda-led Jharkhand Party submitted a memorandum to the States Reorganization Commission for a separate Jharkhand state, but it was rejected as there were multiple languages and no link language in the region, not in a tribal majority. and had adverse effects. Economy after separation from Bihar
In 1972, Binod Bihari Mahto, Shibu Soren and AK Roy founded the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha.
Nirmal Mahto founded the All Jharkhand Students Union. He led the movement for a separate state of Jharkhand.
The All Jharkhand Students' Union incorporated elements of violence into the movement and called for boycott of the elections while the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha opposed it.
These parties parted ways due to differences.
There was provision for limited internal autonomy in the hilly region of Assam.
Other tribal areas were included in the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution.
In 1972, under the provision of the Fifth Schedule, the Chotanagpur and Santal Pargana Development Board was constituted under the chairmanship of the then Chief Minister of Bihar.
It failed to yield the desired result.
Jharkhand Coordination Committee under the leadership of Ram Dayal Munda, Dr. B.P. Keshari, Binod Bihari Mahto, Santosh Rana and Suraj Singh Besra took new initiatives in the case.
Dr. B.P. Keshari sent memorandum to create Jharkhand state
In 1989, the Central Government constituted a committee on the Jharkhand issue.
It emphasized the need for greater allocation of development funds to the sector.
The Jharkhand Region Autonomous Council Bill was passed in the Bihar Legislative Assembly in December 1994.
The Jharkhand Region Autonomous Council has given the charge of 40 subjects including Agriculture, Rural Health, Public Works, Public Health and Minerals.
The council has the power to recommend laws and make bye-laws and regulations to the assembly through the state government.
After the last assembly election in the state resulted in a hung assembly, the RJD's dependence on the Congress gave support on the condition that the RJD would not hinder the passing of the Bihar Reorganization Bill.
Finally, with the support of both the RJD and the Congress, the ruling coalition at the Center led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, which had previously made the state its main election issue in the region in successive elections, approved the Bihar Reorganization Bill in the monsoon session. . Parliament that year, thus paving the way for the creation of a separate Jharkhand state consisting of the Chota Nagpur Division and the Santhal Pargana Division of South Bihar.
The NDA formed the government and Babulal Marandi took oath as the chief minister on 15 November 2000, the birth anniversary of tribal leader Birsa Munda.
Airport in Jharkhand-
Birsa Munda Airport is the largest domestic airport in the state, having air connectivity with major Indian cities of Delhi, Kolkata, Bangalore, Mumbai, Hyderabad.
Deoghar Airport is located in Deoghar in the state of Jharkhand, India.
The airport is being constructed to handle Airbus A320 type aircraft.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for the development of the airport in Jharkhand on 25 May 2018.
After completion, it will be the second operational airport in the state of Jharkhand after Ranchi.
Other airports present in the state are Bokaro Airport, Jamshedpur Airport, Chakulia Airport, Dumka Airport and Dhanbad Airport which mostly operate private and charter flights.
Ports in Jharkhand-
Jharkhand is a landlocked state but has many rivers and waterways.
A multi-modal port is planned at Sahebganj where river Ganga flows.
The project is estimated to cost 65,000 million and Phase-I is expected to be completed by 2019.
Railway station in Jharkhand-
Jharkhand is very well connected by railways.
There are many railway stations and railway junctions in the state.
The hilly regions of the state are equipped with tunnels which are an essential part of the railways.
Tourism in Jharkhand-
Jharkhand is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy places.
Parasnath, Baidyanath Dham and Rajrappa are the major religious places.
Elkhorn is a holy place for Hindus, Buddhists and Jains.
It is believed that this is the place from where Gautam Buddha started his journey to Bodh Gaya.
Many sculptures from Hindu, Jain and Buddhist art styles were found in 2018.
There are several waterfalls in the state which include Jonha Falls, Hundru Falls, Dassam Falls and
Netarhat is a hill station in the state.
Jonha Falls
Jharkhand has several wildlife sanctuaries including Betla National Park and Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary which are major attractions for tourists.
What is Jharkhand famous for?
Jharkhand is famous for its rich mineral resources, which include coal, iron ore, copper and bauxite.
It is also known for its rich cultural heritage and tribal traditions.
The state is home to several important historical and religious sites, such as the Rajarappa Temple and the Parasnath Hill.
Additionally, Jharkhand is known for its diverse wildlife, including elephants, tigers and leopards, and is home to several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
Which food is famous in Jharkhand?
Jharkhand is known for its traditional tribal cuisine which consists mostly of vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes.
Some of the famous food items of Jharkhand include:
Dhuska: A popular dish made from a batter of fermented rice and chana dal, deep fried and served with chutney or curry.
Litti Chokha: A traditional dish made of wheat and sattu (roasted gram flour), a dough ball filled with mashed potatoes and chokha (mashed brinjal, tomato and onion).
Bamboo shoot: Which is used in making many types of dishes in Jharkhand.
Mundiya: A traditional sweet made from chickpeas and jaggery, shaped into balls and fried.
Fish curry with bamboo shoot is also one of the famous dishes of Jharkhand.
Jharkhand is also known for its traditional drinks such as mahua, a type of flower-based alcoholic drink, and various types of chhanch, a traditional non-alcoholic drink made from various ingredients such as rice, wheat, and jaggery.
What is the main culture of Jharkhand?
The core culture of Jharkhand is a mixture of indigenous tribal traditions and customs as well as influences from Hinduism and Buddhism.
The state is known for its rich folk music and dance as well as traditional art forms such as Jharkhandi murals.
The people of Jharkhand also celebrate several festivals like Sarhul, Karam and Sohrai, which reflect the diverse cultural heritage of the state.
Additionally, Jharkhand is known for its rich natural resources, including minerals, forests and wildlife, which also play an important role in shaping the state's culture.
Which is the famous festival of Jharkhand?
One of the famous festivals of Jharkhand is Sarhul, which is celebrated by the Oraon tribe, one of the largest tribal groups in the state.
The festival is celebrated in the month of April, marking the beginning of the spring season and is dedicated to the worship of the Sarhul tree, which is considered sacred by the Oraon tribe.
The festival is celebrated with great pomp and includes rituals, songs and dances.
Other famous festivals of Jharkhand include the Karam festival celebrated by the Munda tribe and the Sohrai celebrated by the Ho tribe.
Both festivals are celebrated to mark the end of the harvesting season and are characterized by colorful and vibrant festivities including traditional dance and songs.